Sinlessness of Jesus in His Humanity
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You know that He appeared in order to take away sins; and in Him there is no sin. (1 John 3:5)
These past few weeks I have been writing about the necessary Christian doctrines concerning the identity of Christ. I have already listed the Scripture proofs demonstrating the deity of Jesus, and last week briefly discussed the humanity of Jesus. Both are true at the same time: Jesus is truly God and truly man, summarized in Chalcedonian Creed and labeled as the hypostatic union.
This week I want to discuss the moral perfection, or sinlessness, of Jesus and explain why it is necessary that Jesus be God, human, and perfect.
Perhaps Jesus’ moral perfection is easily demonstrated when He is tested by Satan in the wilderness (Matt 4:1–11; Mark 1:12–13; Luke 4:1–13). Jesus never falters even though He is in the worst possible environment (wilderness), with the worst possible conditions (extreme hunger), and is tested with the most enticing temptations (bread and all the world). The author of Hebrew comments further, “For we do not have a high priest who cannot sympathize with our weaknesses, but One who has been tempted in all things as we are, yet without sin” (Heb 4:15).
Jesus even challenged His unbelieving audience, “Which of you convicts Me of sin?” (John 8:46).
The theologian, Louis Berkhof, explained Christ’s sinlessness even further: “This means not merely that Christ could avoid sinning (potuit non peccare), and did actually avoid it, but also that it was impossible for Him to sin (non potuit peccare) because of the essential bond between the human and the divine natures” (Systematic Theology, 318). This is oftentimes labeled as the impeccability of Jesus.
Some object to the idea of impeccability by asking, “What was the point of Jesus being tested in the wilderness?” I believe Hebrews answers the question: “In the days of His flesh, He offered up both prayers and supplications with loud crying and tears to the One able to save Him from death, and He was heard because of His piety. Although He was a Son, He learned obedience from the things which He suffered. And having been made perfect, He became to all those who obey Him the source of eternal salvation” (5:7–9). Jesus needed to experience temptations in order to become a more perfect Mediator.
The necessity of Christ’s identity is due to His work on the cross for the redemption of sinful men. If Jesus were sinful, He would not be qualified to be the perfect sacrifice (2 Cor 5:21; 1 Pet 1:19; 2:22–25). If Jesus were not truly man, He would not be our vicar (Rom 5:6–21; 1 Cor 15:45). If Jesus were not truly God, His death on the cross would have been in vain. For even a perfect man cannot redeem another man (Ps 49:7–10).
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